The Invention That Made the Internet Possible

In 1978, Dr. Roger Billings invented Universal Networking — the foundational technology behind how the modern internet shares information.

In this episode of ScienceLive, he tells the complete story for the first time, in his own words. It starts with a problem. J. Willard Marriott, founder of the Marriott Hotels empire, had 12 of IBM’s largest mainframe computers — the biggest the company made — and they still couldn’t keep up with reservation demand. IBM told him a 13th machine would crash the entire system. He needed a solution that didn’t exist yet. Dr. Billings invented one.

His concept was elegantly simple: instead of every computer trying to talk to every other computer simultaneously, create a dedicated “library” computer — what we now call a server — that any number of users could query independently. The result was a system that could scale to an unlimited number of users without overloading. He called it Universal Networking, patented it as U.S. Patent No. 4,714,989, and proved it worked by installing it at real businesses around the world using the Billings Microcomputer — one of the earliest personal computers ever built.

Today, every website, every app, and every internet transaction runs on this same client-server principle.

This is the story of one of the most important and least-known inventions of the 20th century — told by the man who invented it.

About DrB

Dr. Roger Billings is a visionary innovator whose work has touched the lives of millions of students and transformed the landscape of education. Widely known as “DrB” to the countless kids who benefit from his groundbreaking Acellus learning system, Dr. Billings has dedicated his life to advancing education through technology. As part of DrB’s lifelong commitment to supporting education, Science LIVE was launched as a way to “give back” by mentoring students in conjunction with the Roger Billings Scholarship Program.


Read more about DrB » 
About the Roger Billings Scholarship Program »

Follow

3,296 Comments

  1. Caleb

    I wish there was more science live like everyday instead of every week.

    Reply
  2. Ainoah

    What shocked me the most was a 3D printed plastic moving by pressured air! It can’t do given orders as coded robots with electronic parts can, but they can probably be really useful in the future. Very impressive!

    Reply
  3. Violet

    That is absolutely fascinating about the quarts in the watches and the differences between the spring loaded ones

    Reply
  4. Phoebe

    im from Kentucky

    Reply
  5. Aidenf

    Air powered robot amazing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ¡!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Side quest Find the imposter

    Reply
  6. Ava

    love this

    Reply
  7. Madison

    I never knew how the air robot worked until now.

    Reply
  8. Isabella

    I love the three d printed robot it’s a very intuitive idea. I wonder if we could take this to the next level in terms of technology and undersea exploration.

    Reply
  9. Isaac

    I find it interesting how the robot can adapt.

    Reply
  10. Cora

    I think printing the robot was cool how it just worked.

    Reply
  11. Journey

    Wow. so cool to learn how the internet was made.

    Reply
  12. Elizabeth

    this is amazing science live!

    Reply
  13. Ayame

    It is really cool that dr B helped make the internet. Did you dream it and then make it real?

    Reply
  14. Zane

    Another great video.

    Reply
  15. Sasillia

    Science live is always interesting.

    Reply
  16. Noah

    I’m so glad they started adding chapters.

    Reply
  17. Alec

    Dr.Billings is sco cool

    Reply
  18. Paisley

    where is live science live filmed? I would love to watch in person!

    Reply
  19. Paisley

    This is such a cool science live video.

    Reply
  20. Savannah

    We wouldn’t be here at the science live without the internet!

    Reply
  21. Addison

    Dr B is awesome with his videos.

    Reply
  22. Kaiden

    Fast speeding computers! Got to love internet

    Reply
  23. Israel

    The “Its on the fridge!” joke was super funny.

    Reply
  24. Beckham

    i liked the part about J Willard Marriott

    Reply
  25. Elli

    Technology really has come a long way. Thanks for another great episode!

    Reply
  26. Grace

    I can’t imagine life today without the Internet!

    Reply
  27. Kate

    I think changing the Wi-Fi password is so funny!

    Reply
  28. Xander

    I love this sooo much.

    Reply
  29. Tyler

    R51s Ice cream sounds amazing!

    Reply
  30. Kyle

    Dr. Billings is so smart!

    Reply
  31. Reagan

    Science lives make learning so much fun.

    Reply
  32. Aubergine

    I like how Dr. Billings pursued a simpler solution for Mr. Marriott, rather than a more complicated one.

    Reply
  33. Noah

    internet makes life much easier

    Reply
  34. Xavier

    thankful for this invention

    Reply
  35. Aslyn

    Another great science live!

    Reply
  36. Yusuf

    Wow I really liked learning how the internet was made imagine a world with no internet that would be weird, I love the way acellus teaches it makes me laugh and want to learn more at the same time

    Reply
  37. Josiah

    Thank you for. Offering this scholarship it really does teach me a lot

    Reply
  38. Bentley

    computers are so cool now!

    Reply
  39. Maximus

    Science is so cool

    Reply
  40. Giavanni

    Acellus makes learning much easier!

    Reply
  41. Evan

    Internet is an amazing thing!!!

    Reply
  42. Eli

    This is my favorite episode

    Reply
  43. Khloe

    Computers are so cool

    Reply
  44. Caleb

    I promise I will study more Mr. Billings
    PS I’m a A-B student

    Reply
  45. Paetyn

    This was a really good science live!

    Reply
  46. Taylor

    We love the world wide internet

    Reply
  47. Ava

    Loved this!! It was very captivating!!

    Reply
  48. Brodey

    I learned that the internet is older than my mom.

    Reply
  49. Abagail

    I had no idea that the ethernet cable used to be made of a coaxial cable!

    Reply
  50. Katie

    This made me think back to Young Sheldon episodes when he was wanting a computer and they were just coming out

    Reply
  51. Amelia

    This is so cool!

    Reply
  52. Mason

    i love the internet and now i know they made it

    Reply
  53. Krispen

    thanks for making science live

    Reply
  54. Titus

    That little robot is so cool

    Reply
  55. Jesius

    Dr. Billings I appreciate you so much! The scholarship really helps my mom.

    Reply
  56. David

    Love science live.

    Reply
  57. Adele

    You have a lot of patents!

    Reply
  58. Benji.

    Catching up on the episodes and this was a great one!
    Especially at the start with the 3D printed invention and that it can go underwater despite being run on air! All in all very cool episode

    Reply
  59. Colie

    I love these videos

    Reply
  60. Isra

    Excellent video

    Reply
  61. Lijah

    This is so fun

    Reply
  62. Carlin

    I LOVE SCIENCE!!!

    Reply
  63. Malachi

    This was a awesome video!!

    Reply
  64. Leila

    its crazy how we still use this so much.

    Reply
  65. Logan

    Dr.billings is so awesome!

    Reply
  66. Ashley

    ….A robot that runs on AIR!?

    Reply
  67. Kamden

    Loved learning about the internet since most of us use it everyday.

    Reply
  68. Matthew

    Enjoyed learning the history of how it began

    Reply
  69. Hailee

    My favorite ice cream is cookie dough! By the way my favorite invention was the spin-her.

    Reply
  70. Emily

    the internet is aswesome

    Reply
  71. Lijah

    R51 is awesome

    Reply
  72. Miyari

    Great lessons, thank you!!

    Reply
  73. Miyari

    I love science live, these lessons are great.

    Reply
  74. Wolf

    My older brother watched r-51 with me this week and he thought it was great! he was laughing the whole time!

    Reply
  75. Kohlten

    Bravo Dr. Billings! You rock!

    Reply
  76. Liam

    loved this weeks science live!

    Reply
  77. Kohlten

    A robot that runs on air! That is amazing. Technologically, we really can do anything.

    Reply
  78. Callen

    This is interesting

    Reply
  79. Lijah

    I love r 51

    Reply
  80. Elliot

    The robot was sooo cool

    Reply
  81. Aurelia

    What an invention.

    Reply
  82. Arianna

    Way to go, great content.

    Reply
  83. Chanlee

    Dr. Billings is the COOLEST of all the cool

    Reply
  84. Rebecca

    I really enjoyed watching this!!

    Reply
  85. Taegan

    I love science live

    Reply
  86. Madison

    it was so interesting that they put a tuning fork in a watch

    Reply
  87. Shawndra

    i love science live ~!

    Reply
  88. Zoey

    So cool! thanks Dr. B!

    Reply
  89. Lily

    The internet is cool

    Reply
  90. Kaylee

    this science live was the greatest of all an acellus has helped me so much thank you

    Reply
  91. Frances

    It’s amazing how much science and research went into the internet

    Reply
  92. Katelyn

    I can’t live without the internet! Lol

    Reply
  93. Carsen

    Crazy how fast the computer/Internet evolved! I find Science live super interesting – thank you for the scholarship

    Reply
  94. Ember

    Thank you for offering the scholarship!

    Reply
  95. Caden

    This was a fascinating video.

    Reply
  96. Hudson

    I LOVE SCIENCE LIVEEEEEE. PS THAT ONTHEFRIDGE WIFI THING WAS PRETTY FUNNY

    Reply
  97. Noah

    I love your jet!

    Reply
  98. Hadassah

    I love learning

    Reply
  99. Lorelei

    See you next Wednesday

    Reply
  100. Davin

    the internet evolved so quick!

    Reply
  101. James

    I also use Ethernet for my gaming computer.

    Reply
  102. Maycee

    I would like to know more about Garlic super food.

    Reply
  103. Grace

    The internet has come a long way!

    Reply
  104. Oona

    So air can be used as electricity too???

    Reply
  105. Caideyn

    Such a good episode! It’s was so cool to learn that Dr. Roger Billings invented Universal Networking!

    Reply
  106. Wyatt

    its amazing what we have in todays world

    Reply
  107. Rayleigh

    What a great science live thank you!!

    Reply
  108. Kaidun

    I love watching science live

    Reply
  109. Hensley

    Dr Billings your amazing. I loved learning about how the internet became possible

    Reply
  110. Rowan

    This was amazing.cant wait for next week!

    Reply
  111. Taylee

    Hi from HollyPond Alabama. Dr Billings is role model.Thank you for sharing all your cool inventions.You make learning interesting and fun. I can’t wait to watch the next science live

    Reply
  112. Tyla

    Every invention has trial and error you have to fine tune things until it becomes perfect.Learning about servers is pretty neat.

    Reply
  113. Noah

    I think it is interesting how the first watch used a tuning fork inside.

    Reply
  114. Reyna

    This episode was one of my favorites ever, getting the story from Dr. Billing was really great. I loved it.

    Reply
  115. Dylan

    Science live is so much fun

    Reply
  116. Lily

    It was interesting learning about the internet.

    Reply
  117. Keaton

    It was cool to learn about how the watch was made and how it works.

    Reply
  118. Barrett

    hi from mississippi

    Reply
  119. Selma

    I never competed in a science fair, but I might this year!!!!!

    Reply
  120. Mia

    Thanks Mr.Billings for all your support and wisdom. You are a great person. Internet one of the best inventions. R51 great.

    Reply
  121. Michael

    Really love watching!!

    Reply
  122. Kaleigh

    This is so amazing.

    Reply
  123. Matthew

    Thanks Mr. Billing for all your help and support, you are an inspiration for us. Internet a great invention. R51 so great.

    Reply
  124. Pham

    wow this one is amazing!

    Reply
  125. Mila

    one of the best lives i’ve seen!

    Reply
  126. Lillian

    The internet is like the biggest invention ever everybody uses the internet. For example, gps is a big thing to get you to the right destination that you want so internet is very important for modern day living.

    Reply
  127. Kadence

    It’s so crazy to see how much computers have changed!

    Reply
  128. Emma

    Acellus is the best online program for me!

    Reply
  129. James

    I would love to invent something but I don’t know where to start. I can’t figure out a problem to solve that is actually of value.

    Reply
  130. Jayden

    I love learning about the early beginnings of the Internet.

    Reply
  131. Noemi

    Good science live this week

    Reply
  132. Giselle

    I loved how Roger Billings explained his invention!!!

    Reply
  133. Zoe

    I love the internet, so happy this was invented

    Reply
  134. Mason

    Science is so cool

    Reply
  135. Daniel

    wow thats really cool

    Reply
  136. Annabelle

    this makes things for me easier since im a visual learner

    Reply
  137. Kai

    That is wild the robot is walking with just air!

    Reply
  138. Lucy

    Love this. So cool.

    Reply
  139. Brayden

    This is so cool how this works

    Reply
  140. Quinn

    The internet is such a big thing now and it is so cool to learn about it!

    Reply
  141. Gabriel

    The internet is fasinating to learn about.

    Reply
  142. Kagen-ann

    So cool how far computers have come.

    Reply
  143. Lucas

    How did they get the idea for the air powered robot.

    Reply
  144. Shyann

    how did they make the robot that is powered by air.

    Reply
  145. Kynli

    We rely so much on the internet now! Another amazing science live!

    Reply
  146. Brooklynn

    these episodes are so fun to watch thanks Acellus!

    Reply
  147. Lizeneri

    Imagine how the world would be if we didn’t have internet.

    Reply
  148. Anthony

    I love Science Live. I do not always watch it right away but I always watch it. Thank you for all the information you share here. R51 my favorite ice cream is vanilla. I loved learning about watches and the important computer discoveries brought about the internet.

    Reply
  149. Izzy

    yet another great science live. loved it!

    Reply
  150. Lynnox

    Thanks for another great video this week!

    Reply
  151. Kayleigh

    Its so cool seeing how fast the internet is now.

    Reply
  152. Kayleigh

    Its so cool seeing a little robot working with air and moved by itself with the wires still connected

    Reply
  153. Kylie

    It’s hard to think that something I use in my everyday day life used to be just an idea.

    Reply
  154. Nayomie

    I love science live

    Reply
  155. Mika

    The way the Internet made life so much easier amazes me! Dr. Billings, I’m sorry you might have to give up your Rolls Royce. 🥺 But we’ll make it worthwhile! Especially me! 😊 Also, R51, my favorite flavor of ice cream is chocolate. Your ice cream truck is impressive.

    Reply
  156. Harlyne

    Dear Students of Acellus,

    As you continue your studies and engage with Live sessions, I want to remind you of a simple but powerful truth: your effort today shapes your tomorrow. Here are a few thoughts to keep you motivated:

    Stay curious: Approach each lesson as a chance to discover something new about the world and about yourself.
    Set small goals: Break your study time into manageable steps and celebrate the progress you make, even on busy days.
    Engage actively: Take notes, ask questions, and participate in Live sessions — your active participation makes learning stick.
    Maintain balance: Pair focused study with rest, physical activity, and time with loved ones to keep your energy high.
    Keep perspective: While conversations about wealth and luxury can sometimes surface, your true value comes from the knowledge you gain and the character you build.
    If you ever feel discouraged, remember why you started and reach out to teachers or peers for support. You have the tools to succeed, and your dedication will pay off.

    A gentle note on current headlines: there have been discussions in some circles about high-end possessions (for example, a luxury car valued at several million dollars). Such conversations can be intriguing, but they don’t define your worth or your future. Your commitment to learning is what will truly drive your success.

    Wishing you perseverance and success in every lesson study hard

    Sincerely,
    [harlyne]

    Reply
  157. Reese

    I love learning about Dr. Billings inventions. He has achieved so much. You can tell how much education and the acellus students mean to him. Thank you Dr. Billings !!

    Reply
  158. Ocean

    Inventions are so important for the world.

    Reply
  159. Rilyn

    I really appreciate y’all talking about this, its super cool!

    Reply
  160. Samantha

    WOW I am so surprised that just air could power a 3d printed robot!! That’s so cool!!

    Reply
  161. Max

    Hi from utah

    Reply
  162. Payton

    these live make learing so much more interesting.

    Reply
  163. Warren

    Can you guys talk about the P-51 Mustang?

    Reply
  164. Cameron

    I was wandering how do I attend science live in person?

    Reply
  165. Victoria

    It’s cool how the robot can move with just running on air!

    Reply
  166. Elex

    I love watching theses

    Reply
  167. Elizabeth

    My brain will never fully be able to comprehend how the internet works ,(and bluetooth also) it’s just so facinating!

    Reply
  168. Do

    Internet is so interesting to learn about!

    Reply
  169. Skylar

    Dr Billings thank you for this live.

    Reply
  170. Jagger

    I really enjoy these live I learn different technologies every time.

    Reply
  171. Cooper

    Oh man, what would we do without the internet!

    Reply
  172. Curtis

    hello I have a question about your favorite color.

    Reply
  173. Ariana

    It was cool to learn all that!

    Reply
  174. Owen

    I love science live

    Reply
  175. Phoenix

    I learned so much about Universal Networking and how it came to be. It was interesting that it allowed the internet to scale many users without being bogged down. That is a big scientific advancement!

    Reply

Submit a Comment

By clicking "Submit", you agree to our Terms & Conditions. Required fields are marked *