Vacuum Tube Computing

February 4, 2026  •  EPISODE 296

How did computers go from filling entire rooms to fitting in your hand? In this episode of Science LIVE, Dr. Roger Billings and the Protégés explore vacuum tube computing and the technology that launched the digital age. Hear stories about early machines, the Billings Computer, and floppy disks as Dr. Billings shares his firsthand experiences helping shape modern computing.

About DrB

Dr. Roger Billings is a visionary innovator whose work has touched the lives of millions of students and transformed the landscape of education. Widely known as “DrB” to the countless kids who benefit from his groundbreaking Acellus learning system, Dr. Billings has dedicated his life to advancing education through technology. As part of DrB’s lifelong commitment to supporting education, Science LIVE was launched as a way to “give back” by mentoring students in conjunction with the Roger Billings Scholarship Program.


Read more about DrB » 
About the Roger Billings Scholarship Program »

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5,811 Comments

  1. Genesismalachi

    I LOVE SCIENCE LIVE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

    Reply
  2. Steven

    I’m thinking it would be cool to put data satalites in space.

    Reply
    • Giana

      wow! that’s very interesting. see you next week

      Reply
  3. Raphael

    Vacuum computing is pretty cool!

    Reply
  4. Holland

    I love learning things about space!

    Reply
  5. Juliet

    loved the video!!!!!!!

    Reply
  6. Evan

    Wasen’t able to watch last class and barley caught this one, my computer last week till today was being repaired.

    Reply
  7. Marci

    I think computers have come so far!

    Reply
  8. Lacey

    Dr. B explains the lessons so well and in so much detail! I’m glad I went homeschool!

    Reply
  9. Robert

    Cool video, I didn’t know that these data servers and technologies took so much energy! 1.5 millions homes worth of energy.

    Reply
  10. Antonin

    Incredible advancement in modern day tech.

    Reply
  11. Joshua

    How can Elon Musk do that and make a rocket ship that tall and send AI out of space

    Reply
  12. Gavin

    I love this one!!!

    Reply
    • Jream

      Loved the video.

      Reply
  13. Hailee

    I loved it!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

    Reply
  14. Carter

    My brother and I both found this video interesting.

    Reply
  15. Jase

    Happy valentines day and thank you Acellus.

    Reply
  16. Charles

    thank you for making learning fun

    Reply
  17. Lucas

    Binary code is fascinating !

    Reply
  18. Gavin

    That video was very interesting!!!

    Reply
  19. Henry

    I really enjoyed this weeks live. I learned so many cool new things this week. Especially about the computer language and how it consists of 1’s and 0’s

    Reply
  20. Brighton

    im learnin alot from these videos

    Reply
  21. Gracelyn

    Love the video!!

    Reply
  22. Cooper

    thank you for the lesson!!!!

    Reply
  23. James

    Loving the proteges, great work!

    Reply
  24. Gracelyn

    Comment I really enjoy learning about AI and new technologies. Great video!

    Reply
  25. Emma

    Thanks for the knowledge Acellus!

    Reply
  26. Yareliz

    What is Vacuum tube computing?

    Reply
  27. Aelin

    I learned about vacuum tubes.

    Reply
  28. Samuel

    Great episode, really enjoyed it

    Reply
  29. James

    It was neat to see how far calculators have expanded compared to the first calculator.

    Reply
  30. Corey

    I think it’s really cool how scientist are trying to put A.I. satellites in space.

    Reply
  31. Connor

    This science live was so cool!

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  32. Nathanael

    Great Science Live. Acellus World looks pretty cool. Why haven’t we gone back to the moon? I know there’s nothing really there, but surely there could be some reason to go back to the moon.

    Reply
  33. Emily

    I love R 51

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  34. Dahlia

    Hello Acellus, I have a question. DO they have a Acellus world near or in Boydton Virginia? Please answer back. Also love R51

    Reply
  35. Sophie

    How long did it take for margaret hamilton to get used to all her buttons and know what to press when?

    Reply
  36. Brantley

    Do you know about the challenger

    Reply
  37. Peighton

    Preparing for landing on the moon had to have given Armstrong some nervousness, the failed attempts just showed dedication to project because they wouldn’t stop until it was successful.

    Reply
  38. Travis

    Who was the last person to go to the moon?

    Reply
  39. Kameron

    I never knew the AI systems required that much electricity, that’s a lot!

    Reply
  40. Jazmyn

    Elon Musk is trying to put 1 million satellites into space, it cost thousands of dollars to put anything into space.

    Reply
  41. Ashton

    Hello from Tennessee. I love the Science Lives, they help me learn so much more about Acellus and more! I look forward to them every Wednesday!

    Reply
    • Antonio

      I’m from Tennessee toooooo

      Reply
  42. Penelope

    That is interesting to learn – that we get more energy from the sun while in space.

    Reply
  43. Layate

    Wow this episode was so fun. I learned so much. Especially about competers 0 and 1. Thank you

    Reply
  44. Elara

    I love doing science experiments!

    Reply
  45. Ismail

    Accelus world!?!? That sounds WONDERFUL!

    Reply
  46. Afnan

    Acellus is great!

    Reply
  47. Jeremiah

    Great video, I love computers! Awesome job!

    Reply
  48. Chloe

    I am going to look up what my name is in binary code.

    Reply
  49. Raina

    I have always loved Todd Edomnds classes and found a lot of joy in learning from them!

    Reply
  50. Raya

    Today was an interesting lesson. I had no idea about all the things that went into going to the moon as well as the codes they had to make in case anything happened.

    Reply
  51. Amelia

    Another great and interesting episode this week!

    Reply
  52. Walter

    Science live is the best.

    Reply
  53. Evelyn

    Why don’t they just use air conditioner instead of using water to cool it down?

    Reply
  54. Jude

    that was really well explained. i understood alot of it.

    Reply
  55. Nickolas

    David and Caleb are cool and funny

    Reply
  56. Natalie

    I love Acellus!

    Reply
  57. Stephen

    Another great episode! *

    Reply
  58. Jackson

    Thanks for the lesson!

    Reply
  59. Abigail

    I love how you guys are always making me laugh.

    Reply
  60. Jaelynn

    Great episode, happy early Valentine’s everyone.

    Reply
  61. Lana

    I really like the science live today learning all about Vacuum Tube Computer.

    Reply
  62. Mason

    Interesting! I understand much better than the first time I heard about binary numbers.

    Reply
  63. River

    This was a good video. I enjoyed watching it.

    Reply
  64. Aiden

    I liked the pizza segment

    Reply
  65. Jonah

    Its crazy how much it takes to get to the moon.

    Reply
  66. Andi

    Hi from Florida

    Reply
  67. Ella

    This was awesome!!

    Reply
  68. Anniston

    I love how the teachers explain it.

    Reply
  69. Taylor

    It’s crazy to think that the little dots on a computer circuit board really serve a purpose!

    Reply
  70. Morgan

    I thought the starship was really cool and the electricity part was really fun.

    Reply
  71. Claire

    I wonder how many people went to accelus world.

    Reply
  72. Moemin

    who invented computer chips?

    Reply
  73. Lily

    I loved this weeks video with the Proteges!! They’re so funny and informational at the same time!

    Reply
  74. Autumn

    This is really cool

    Reply
  75. Yok

    Love you doc. Billings

    Reply
  76. Madison

    Area 51 is so funny.

    Reply
  77. Jake

    what a magnificent lesson!!

    Reply
  78. Carley

    I bet it would be cool to go to the moon and a little bit scary.

    Reply
  79. Madison

    I love watching science live!!

    Reply
  80. Mouhanna

    Thank you for the episode about the early computers and how they were made, Thank you! 🙂

    Reply
  81. Haywood

    I want to take a computer apart now!

    Reply
  82. Carl

    Caleb and David are awesome!!

    Reply
  83. Constance

    *Great Video, I love learning about computers.

    Reply
  84. Fisher

    I really like how each teacher talks about evrything in depth and gives us a good idea about everything they go over.

    Reply
  85. Lily

    Dr. Pajet always makes me smile she’s so sweet

    Reply
  86. Abigail

    Will you please make a course on how to draw things:
    1. Animals
    2. People
    3. Clothes
    4.houses
    And at the end of each section there’s a whole video on how to draw the whole thing

    Reply
  87. Lillian

    Going to the moon is crazy. I would be so scared.

    Reply
  88. Emma

    Thank You I love Science Live

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  89. Kennedy

    Acellus is the best way to learn !!!!!!!!!!!

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  90. Emma

    Favorite science live so far, I love all the latest information on robotics

    Reply
  91. Isabelle

    It was very cool to learn that we cannot send a spaceship straight to the moon we have to find where it will be days ahead and then lanch the spaceship to the shown location. I love how the teachers in Acellus explain each topic in such great detail it makes things so much easier to understand.

    Reply
  92. Silas

    R51 is the best segment enjoyed the video.

    Reply
  93. Ryleigh

    Computers being made is so cool

    Reply
  94. Lance

    Comment
    The vacuum tube amplifies the signals. It controls the flow of electricity. When the switch is on, it represents 1. When it is off, it represents 0.

    Reply
  95. Tristan

    How long did it take to make the program for the rockit

    Reply
  96. Julian

    It’s crazy how much goes into going to the moon.

    Reply
  97. Cody

    Its crazy how simple some of the solutions can be for the most innovative inventions and missions.

    Reply
  98. Joslyn

    Learning about computers and coding is really cool

    Reply
  99. Nayeli

    i love acelluse live thanks for teaching us

    Reply
  100. Ella

    I like the way Protege explains the lesson.

    Reply
  101. Carter

    Thankful for Acellus.

    Reply
  102. Sky

    I love the part when you guys show us how vacuum tube work.

    Reply
  103. Eve

    I Like the part where the protege delivered pizza.

    Reply
  104. Eleanor

    I look forward to these videos every week!

    Reply
  105. Logan

    I like when they talked about vaccum tubes computing.

    Reply
  106. Joanne

    How long did the astronauts stay on the moon?

    Reply
  107. Peter

    Science Live is so fun to watch!

    Reply
  108. Ryker

    Thank you very interesting

    Reply
  109. Kimma

    This lesson was very interesting.

    Reply
  110. Neveah

    I love how the detail is explained by the teacher. #ilovesciencelive

    Reply
  111. Naomi

    Thank you Acellus for taking time out of your day and making this awesome !

    Reply
  112. Shima

    Technology is so fascinating and i love how science live really goes into details

    Reply
  113. Shaiah

    I love that they do this! Thank you!

    Reply
  114. Ray

    It was very interesting to learn art the space mission.

    Reply
  115. Tabitha

    I agree, people don’t really think about how much power people use to keep their daily life running as they do. Interesting about using solar energy from space.

    Reply
  116. Emerson

    I learned that people used vacuum tubes to make computers. They were really big but the military used them.

    Reply
  117. Rhilynne

    Do you think its possible that we could ever live on a different planet then earth?

    Reply
  118. Kennedy

    Acellus changed my perspective of schooling

    Reply
  119. Trina

    Thank you for this amazing science live love this video it was very interesting as always.

    Reply
  120. Salman

    I Think Daivid And Caleb Should Bring My Pizza And Drink

    Reply
  121. Ivy

    I love when I can learn things that I didn’t even think of learning before.

    Reply
  122. Daniel

    I an’t believe that in the 1950s a computer was that big.

    Reply
  123. Kensley

    Love learning about space missions. The info on AI using so much energy was unexpected. Thank you

    Reply
  124. Tyde

    I liked this video!

    Reply
  125. Raelyn

    How do you control the temperature in the spaceship?

    Reply
  126. Lutay

    So extremely greatful that Science Live exists. I have learned more in 50 minutes each week than all my other schools combined. Thank you to our amazing production team.

    Reply
  127. Leah

    Great show!!! Very interesting

    Reply
  128. Liliana

    I have thought it would be fun to be a photographer. I love taking pictures.

    Reply
  129. Daniel

    I’d say it’s tradition on every science live just to thank r51 for being hilarious

    Reply
  130. Gavin

    Acellus is very fun!

    Reply
  131. London

    this was my first live!

    Reply
  132. Katharis

    I love this school!!!

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  133. Jefferson

    i learned alot from this live thank youu

    Reply
  134. Shima

    I loved this episode so much cant wait for the next episode

    Reply
  135. Samuel

    I found it interesting that you need to figure out where the moon will be in 3 days when trying to land. And the binary coding of just 1 and 0. Seems easy but also very complicated.

    Reply
  136. Nicholas

    I really enjoyed this science live!

    Reply
  137. Naveya

    I always am so in trigued when hearing about how different planets have different moons.

    Reply
  138. Kairi

    Acellus rocks!

    Reply
  139. Sawyer

    I like all of the different sections of science live

    Reply
  140. Le

    It’s such a good science live for ACELLUS learners

    Reply
  141. Hawkins

    I love science lives

    Reply
  142. Leighton

    I can’t wait for Acellus world.

    Reply
  143. William

    that was a neat history of computers and my dad says he remembers Caldisk floppy disks and the 3.25 floppy disk as well. Now we have cloud storage and thumb drives.

    Reply
  144. Kellie

    my favorite teacher is Tobias he is so funny and interesting to watch

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  145. Grayson

    I like watching these videos

    Reply
  146. Era

    I love science live because I learned something new every time.

    Reply
  147. Brayden

    I love Acellus world

    Reply
  148. Cara

    Loved this episode!! I love how each teacher really goes into detail to explain each subject! Happy early Valentines!

    Reply
  149. Braden

    Hi from Georgia! Thanks for another great live!

    Reply
  150. Angel

    I learned about AI

    Reply
  151. Nicholas

    Love the lesson about computers, go science live!

    Reply
  152. Chase

    Thankful for Acellus.

    Reply
  153. Landyn

    Can’t wait for the next episode!

    Reply
  154. K

    Excited about Acellus World !

    Reply
  155. Maggie

    I enjoy all the different topics. That was a good explanation of binary coding.

    Reply
  156. Jackson

    Great Science Live!

    Reply
  157. Leila

    Awesome episode! Love learning about how acellus works.

    Reply
  158. Madison

    Thank you again for another awesome science life can’t wait to see all the new and exciting events coming up

    Reply
  159. Alaina

    I always am astonished how many things I learn from every episode!

    Reply
  160. Robin

    Science is fun!

    Reply
  161. Liam

    Liam in code.
    01001100 01001001 01000001 01001101

    Reply
  162. Kelcie

    I loveeeeeeee this video.

    Reply
  163. Owen

    THANK YOU FOR THE VIDEO

    Reply
  164. Amelia

    Happy early Valentine’s Day

    Reply
  165. Julian

    This was a very interesting video! I love acellus!

    Reply
  166. Hudson

    This has been my favorite acellus yet

    Reply
  167. Casey

    Are vacuum tubes needed?

    Reply
  168. Hudson

    this has been my favorite acellus yet.

    Reply
  169. Phan

    It’s fun.#1#1#1#1

    Reply
  170. Makenna

    Live was filled with a lot of interesting information really enjoyed it

    Reply
  171. Lily

    Science live is fun to watch!

    Reply
  172. Kaden

    In this video, I learned about how computers work when rockets go to the moon and how they are produced. And I also learned about how vacuum tubes work and how computers speak through binary coding of 1s and 0s. I learned a lot in this video and it was very interesting how computers actually work.

    Reply
  173. Nethanjah

    Today’s Science Live on “Vacuum Tube Computing” was truly fascinating to watch. Learning more and more every day. 😉
    N-01101110 e-01100101 t-01110100 h-01101001 a-01100001 n-01101110 j-01101010 a-01100001
    h-01101001

    Reply
  174. Yousif

    What makes me love this activity is how it’s explained because every teacher here knows what they are teaching very well and their methods of teaching is incredible!

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  175. Alisha

    I love the show it’s so fun

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