Transistors

January 21, 2026  •  EPISODE 294

What is a transistor and why is it important? In this episode of Science LIVE, Dr. Roger Billings explores how transistors control electric current, replaced bulky vacuum tubes, and made modern electronics possible—from radios to computers and smartphones. The episode also features a tiny bug-like robot developed by MIT and the fascinating story of Henry Ford and how Thomas Edison influenced the development of the automobile.

About DrB

Dr. Roger Billings is a visionary innovator whose work has touched the lives of millions of students and transformed the landscape of education. Widely known as “DrB” to the countless kids who benefit from his groundbreaking Acellus learning system, Dr. Billings has dedicated his life to advancing education through technology. As part of DrB’s lifelong commitment to supporting education, Science LIVE was launched as a way to “give back” by mentoring students in conjunction with the Roger Billings Scholarship Program.


Read more about DrB » 
About the Roger Billings Scholarship Program »

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6,385 Comments

  1. Angelina

    curious how many computers Mr.Billings made and sold in total !!

    Reply
  2. Karim

    Hello from Cairo, Egypt!

    Reply
  3. Vincent

    That robot is so cool!

    Reply
  4. Eion

    Very interesting as always 🙂

    Reply
  5. Addison

    I like the part where you talked about inspiring people to be curious and creative!

    Reply
  6. Eli

    Never knew a robot could be that small. Cool to learn that Henry Ford was into more than just vehicles.

    Reply
  7. Ayden

    I LOVE SCIENCE LIVE PLEASECAN WE GET MORE OF R-51 PLEASSEEEEE🔥🦅

    Reply
  8. Leo

    I love r51

    Reply
  9. Katelyn

    R51 is hilarious!!🤣

    Reply
  10. Ryan

    The tiny robot was so cool. I enjoyed watching it.

    Reply
  11. Anna

    Loved it.

    Reply
  12. Maria

    I love these science videos and the tiny robot is so cute

    Reply
  13. Canaan

    I love science live and Henry Ford since he created Ford and I like Ford

    Reply
  14. Kamden

    Very interesting to learn about the science experiment to possibly detect retinoblastoma. My Nana passed away due to cancer.

    Reply
  15. Margaret

    What are the bots created by the MIT researchers called? And when was the first prototype for these little bots created?

    Reply
  16. Jack

    I found it kind of cool that Thomas Edison was one of The inspirations for Henry Ford. And that import mad/repaired pocket watches as well. How cool

    Reply
  17. Max

    What is the most important invention to this day?

    Reply
  18. Dean

    R51 is pretty cool! Love from NC!

    Reply
  19. Drake

    This was really entertaining i love learning about things from the past .

    Reply
  20. Chase

    I love Acellus so much! I cannot put it into words how grateful I am for this program. It’s helped me so much for the past year

    Reply
  21. Ryan

    The science fair this spring sounds fun!

    Reply
  22. Aria

    Comment this episode was awesome!keep it up:)

    Reply
  23. Ubdirahman

    so fun!

    Reply
  24. Ella

    that’s cool I hope they make human sized ones some day.

    Reply
  25. Nicolana

    i love the tiny bots !! 🙂

    Reply
  26. Ava

    I hope to learn about Henry Ford more, so interesting.

    Reply
  27. Emma

    What amazing discoveries come from MIT. I had no idea that robots were being used to save people!

    Reply
  28. Reegan

    Very cool to know that she is now a highly esteemed doctor and was a student at the same school we all go to.

    Reply
  29. Ryan

    The flying robot insect is my favorite.

    Reply
  30. Kaylin

    I love science. The robots are cool.

    Reply
  31. Zoe

    Wow this is so cool!

    Reply
  32. Tige

    Interesting fact on the shark! Hello from MN where its -9!

    Reply
  33. Gabriel

    The tiny robot was so cute i wonder if thats the smallest they can make them?

    Reply
  34. Joelene

    Watching this with my three cats <333

    Reply
  35. Radlynn

    The sharks are cool

    Reply
  36. Isabel

    It was interesting hearing how he expanded his business.

    Reply
  37. Teddi

    It is so cool that sharks can walk!

    Reply
  38. Lucas

    Where did they find the bacteria that they studied for the sunscreen.

    Reply
  39. Dixie

    We love this program!

    Reply
  40. Saydee

    R51 rocks!

    Reply
  41. Benjamin

    It’s so cool to hear how Dr. Billings has connections with Thomas Edison in some way. It was also neat learning about Henry Ford. My grandpa worked at the Ford plant here in California in the late 50’s. I also love seeing the new guys each week! They make the topics so interesting!

    Reply
  42. Kendra

    I loved this episode. I cant wait for next week!

    Reply
  43. Garrett

    I like the robots MIT is working on, I can see a lot of potential progression in technology with them.

    Reply
  44. Joel

    Thank you Acellus for the cool videos, and also for letting advanced students work ahead at their own pace rather than limit them. Grateful for this school!

    Reply
  45. Parker

    R51 is the greatest AI I have ever laid eyes on
    Also Very cool episode!

    Reply
  46. Mackenzie

    Im really enjoying these lives lol i love the robot

    Reply
  47. Samar

    With the trajectory of these mini MIT robots, could they eventually be tweaked and developed to assist in medical operations, specifically surgeries, where precision is extremely vital?

    Reply
  48. Bruce

    I liked the part about Henry Ford.

    Reply
  49. Linwood

    Another great science video!!

    Reply
  50. Emma

    That robot is super cool and I really love Acellus so much!

    Reply
  51. Destiny

    I love these science lives, I also enjoying showing them to my niece and nephew its really fun to watch together.

    Reply
  52. Jamison

    I love R51!

    Reply
  53. Kaydence

    I look forward to these every Wednesday!!

    Reply
  54. Destiny

    I love these science lives, and I love being able to watch them with my niece and nephew they enjoy the videos just as much as I do.

    Reply
  55. Eliana

    cool video!

    Reply
  56. Trevor

    Loved the live!

    Reply
  57. Jacob

    Looking forward to the new history classes I have seen online

    Reply
  58. Aiden

    hey everybody from TN!

    Reply
  59. Kendra

    How do you make robot parts that small? The fact they actually function is so cool.

    Reply
  60. Trinidad

    I’m super excited about the science fair this year and can’t wait to see all the cool projects!

    Reply
  61. Winter

    HI I am in Virginia. My dad is an electrician. He knows a lot electric currents and how they work.

    Reply
  62. Chloe

    How come the sharks mentioned have evolved to be so different from other sharks? What’s different about their needs and environment from most sharks?

    Reply
  63. Hollis

    My dads a electrical engineer

    Reply
  64. Zahir

    How much power does the vacuum tube need

    Reply
  65. Tyler

    Hi from Virginia

    Reply
  66. Karleigh

    yay i loved this

    Reply
  67. Vi

    Look forward to this every week

    Reply
  68. Colt

    I enjoyed learning about transistors since I want to be an electrician when I grow up. I’m going to take the electrical classes offered by Acellus next year.

    Reply
  69. Beckham

    Acellus helped me learn so much. This program is superb!

    Reply
  70. Clayton

    i love science live

    Reply
  71. Radlynn

    The robots are so cool!

    Reply
  72. Loganl

    I love this video keep up the good work guys

    Reply
  73. ~bethany

    Thank you it so interesting to learn about those little ‘insect’ robots that are learning from nature! And the first affordable car, that is so interesting how Ford kept taking things out to make it more affordable. Thanks again!~~

    Reply
  74. Oliver

    I love the tiny robot that MIT is working on. I didn’t know you could make a robot that small.

    Reply
    • Wyleigh

      Hey from Texas

      Reply
    • Solomon

      Wow nice live! From texas

      Reply
    • Grace

      yeah its cool

      Reply
    • Maleigha

      This episode is so interesting.

      Reply
    • Aaliyah

      Me too!

      Reply
    • Muha.mad

      Love watching science live!

      Reply
    • Prairie

      I love Acellus. I do Acellus with my dad and my mom .

      Reply
    • Cynful

      I wish horses weren’t so exspenisive. on a better note though, thank you for everything I really enjoyed this video not to mention Acellus has been helping me a lot. thank you!

      Reply
    • Skylee

      89898

      Reply
    • Ryan

      I cant wait to see what they do with this awesome invention!

      Reply
    • Bentley

      That robot mit is making is cool and could be helpful in jobs that people or bigger drones could get in.

      Reply
    • Emily

      Wow!

      Reply
    • Abbygail

      I love how you talk about robots i used to have a kit that let you make a tiny robot with a little solar power thing on top of it and I made it with my dad and we both made the robot cute!

      Reply
    • Alexis

      Hello from Florida!!

      Reply
    • Kaiden

      I really enjoyed this video about Transistors. I didn’t know a transistor existed in a vacuum it’s very cool how they lead up to modern technology nowadays. thank you for this important information and keep making this kind of content.

      Reply
    • Min

      wooww i love it, my favorite video

      Reply
    • Jordanna

      Very helpful

      Reply
    • Madelyn

      So cool to learn that about Henry ford. I knew he made cars. But did not know all that about him.

      Reply
  75. Ayva

    I love Acellus so much! I cannot put it into words how grateful I am for this program. It’s helped me so much for the past year or two.

    Reply
    • Gianna

      So cool, I liked learning about transistors.

      Reply
    • Negale

      I didn’t know there were yearly science fairs….I know the ideas will be awesome!

      Reply
    • Mwende-evalyne

      Nice video

      Reply
  76. Niharika

    This was so entertaining! I loved learning about the transistors and Henry Ford. Can’t wait for next week!

    Reply
    • David

      cool!!!

      Reply
    • Bella

      Would love to come to science live in person some day! Loved this one!

      Reply
    • Benjamin

      I loved learning about the transistor. Another great video!!!!

      Reply
    • Kinsley

      Liked learning more about Henry Ford and transistors . Science live is so full of information.

      Reply
    • Aspen

      i like your name 😀

      Reply
  77. Dylan

    r51 is so chaotic

    Reply
    • Carson

      I like this

      Reply
    • Aaliyah

      Yeah it’s so funny!

      Reply
    • Lathen

      THESE LIVES ARE AMAZING! They only keep getting better

      Reply
    • Jedwin

      r51 is all over the place🤣

      Reply
    • Allyson

      I love science lives

      Reply
  78. Zane

    Hello from North Carolina. I knew a lot about Henry Ford before this video, but I never knew that he started making pocket watches before turning his attention to cars. How cool!

    Reply
    • Abdoulie

      Science Live is awesome 👌

      Reply
    • Ethan

      Hi from Texas

      Reply
    • Helios

      The mini-drones are so cool!

      Reply
  79. Graham

    Twin Sisters was funny

    Reply
    • Brayden

      Acellus is such a good program!

      Reply
  80. Izabella

    This video was one of my favorite yet!!! They just keep getting better!!!

    Reply
    • Aliyah

      I loved the tech time this week!

      Reply
    • Ayden

      Awsome robotics

      Reply
  81. Carter

    I really like the “You Ask, We Know it” show. It was pretty funny.

    Reply
  82. Hosea

    I can’t wait for the science fair this spring it sounds really exciting.

    Reply
    • William

      I think if a tiny robot was used for search and rescues that would be great. If we used them in a dangerous situation to assist law enforcement then maybe some situations could have better outcones.

      Reply
  83. Aaliyah

    Hi Landen, I’m from Mississippi too! Love R51 he’s great! :):):)

    Reply
  84. Emma

    I love R51!

    Reply
    • Natalie

      I love R 51

      Reply
    • Ramiel

      Very fun episode! I hope we see David and Caleb again!

      Reply
  85. Ryleigh

    I love David, Caleb, and R51 they are so funny!

    Reply
  86. George

    Me and my dad watch and we love it this is amazing

    Reply
  87. Kyle

    I have family in Kansas City so maybe I can come to the Science Live!

    Reply
  88. Isabel

    The talk show with Caleb and David is super entertaining!!

    Reply
    • Eden

      I really like the new Protiges segment with Caleb and David.

      Reply
  89. Elianna

    I like how Dr. John was talking about how scientist made a little tiny robot. Dr. John had also said that the scientist are thinking of using this robot to search and save people.

    Reply
    • Leah

      R51 😂

      Reply
    • Skylar

      I love acellus this is so funny!

      Reply
  90. Axel

    Hello from Puerto Rico

    Reply
  91. Lliam

    Hello, what an interesting Science live, I love sharks and I am always eager to learn more,

    Reply
  92. Ja`marion

    I got a r51 ristband plus r51 is the best!

    Reply
  93. Lincoln

    r51 with his twin sisters is so funny

    Reply
    • Dylann

      The robot is so cool!

      Reply
  94. Jeremiah

    Hello Dr Billings.

    Reply
  95. Sebastian

    I liked the Transistors video on how it works. Very cool. The episode of( You ask it we know it ) is awesome. Area 51 -Twin sisters on the news was fun to watch. Thanks.

    Reply
  96. Candice

    This was another interesting and fun live to watch! I can’t wait for next week’s!

    Reply
  97. Hunter

    I loved this science life! It was very fun learning about Transistors. I hope the next live is just as fun!

    Reply
    • Carlos

      Hello from Indiana I didn’t know that about sharks.

      Reply
  98. Ari

    R51 made it on the news. 😉

    Reply
  99. Sharon

    Going to do research into those sharks. Sharks are so c cool. My favorite is the whale sheen, but that may change🤔

    Reply
    • Aaliyah

      Mine is the lemon shark!

      Reply
  100. Charlotte

    Can’t wait till the course on conspiracy theories is released!!!!

    Reply
  101. Sadie

    David and Caleb are hilarious! I loved the part about Henry Ford

    Reply
  102. Corrin

    I love science live ❤️!!

    Reply
  103. Ryder

    The biodegraded joke….I’m dying it was actually funny!

    Reply
    • Djuan

      I like how transistors work.

      Reply
  104. Landen

    hello from Mississippi!

    Reply
  105. Julia

    I like to see what R51 comes up with each week!

    Reply
    • Clara

      I’m imressed with whoever comes up with the little shows R51 does 🙂

      Reply
      • Ellie

        me too!

        Reply
  106. Ameen

    I think transistors are cool

    Reply
  107. Olivia

    My dad used to use radios all the time!!

    Reply
  108. Liam

    Keep on trying

    Reply
  109. Hashton

    What is the wing made of?

    Reply
  110. Evan

    That bee bot was awesome.

    Reply
  111. Audrea

    It is amazing how every episode there is always something new. 🔭🔬🦠🧫🧪🧬⚗️👩‍🔬🧑‍🔬👨‍🔬🥼

    Reply
  112. Rebekah

    cant wait for all the snow to come in!

    Reply
  113. Travis

    Excited to learn more today!

    Reply
  114. Raymond

    It is interesting how the transistor works.

    Reply
  115. Tasia

    I love science live and find it really fascinating what I can learn from it each time I watch!

    Reply
  116. Jason

    I love watching the lives .

    Reply
  117. Abigail

    I love what Tobas talked about today.

    Reply
  118. Nevaeh

    My favorite part was when he was listening to the radio then it shut off on him.

    Reply
  119. Rylee

    happy thursday! love science live video today

    Reply
  120. Yariel

    radios are cool!!

    Reply
  121. Amelia

    Does it cost to participate in Acellus World? If so, how much does it cost?

    Reply
  122. Dresden

    Love the show!

    Reply
  123. Samuel

    i love these videos

    Reply
  124. Tehya

    Caleb and David are so funny! Thanks for making my Thursday so awesome!

    Reply
  125. Audrey

    Happy thursday guys!!!

    Reply
  126. Ezra

    I love cats how about you?

    Reply
  127. Aerolynn

    The bug robots were so cool!

    Reply
  128. Maddox

    The flying robot was so cool when it was doing the flips!

    Reply
  129. Zyann

    That’s so cool. He got to work at the company

    Reply
  130. Christopher

    So good I love this 😁

    Reply
  131. Claire

    Hi from Idaho, boise. How old are you Dr.B

    Reply
  132. Bella

    Super cool video!

    Reply
  133. Greyson

    Amazing video!

    Reply
  134. Jaxton

    fun stuff

    Reply
  135. Evelyn

    wow!

    Reply
  136. Alexanxder

    Watching from FL still from a trip another amazing video

    Reply
  137. Cooper

    I liked the polar bear part.

    Reply
  138. Kimito

    awesome live!

    Reply
  139. Korah

    Radios are very awesome sauce heh It’s pretty cool how radios became real

    Reply
  140. Raegan

    People could put a camera on the little flying robot and use them for animal documentaries

    Reply
  141. Camden

    The Protégés are my new favorite!

    Reply
  142. Jazmine

    I think it’s super fascinating that epaulette sharks, produce eggs without the increase of energy. I also thought the tiny robot was cool, and pretty fast. Henry seemed really smart, i didn’t really know he made the first carriage without a horse AND spending nine years to make a car? i have no words.

    Reply
  143. Fox

    hello from the midwest

    Reply
  144. Caleb

    thats a pretty small drone

    Reply
  145. Joah

    Love the video.

    Reply
  146. Benjamin

    cool!

    Reply
  147. Cordae

    and it was cool how Henry ford never met Edison but worked for him and how when he finally met him Edison gave him enough recognition to fully commit to his design

    Reply
  148. Brady

    Love It!

    Reply
  149. Sofia

    I love cats too

    Reply
  150. Winston

    I love science live:)

    Reply
  151. Alex

    Alex here from Arkansas, can’t wait to watch the episode!

    Reply
  152. Aria

    It is pretty cool how Henry Ford was able to take something, that cost an arm and a leg, and make it affordable for nearly everyone.

    Reply
  153. Evan

    Hi Dr. B,

    Where do you find the information about the science fair? I really want to go.

    Reply
  154. Eli

    I didn’t know that the MODEL T took 20 tries to make, but now I know.

    Reply
  155. Wesston

    Does transistor work with traffic light?

    Reply
  156. Courtney

    Hi im from alabama happy thursday

    Reply
  157. Lance

    I love science live they’re interesting to watch

    Reply
  158. Owen

    Science Live always teaches me something interesting!

    Reply
  159. Jazmyn

    The cars were very interesting when they first made them.

    Reply
  160. Zaid

    I love this video 🙂 🙂

    Reply
  161. Colton

    Twin sisters, too funny!

    Reply
  162. Ziva

    I love cats too!

    Reply
  163. Carleonclayton

    What materials are transistors made out of??

    Reply
  164. Donovan

    Wow I wonder what it was like to watch a show on the radio back then??

    Reply
  165. Finley

    Hello from kentucky 😀

    Reply
  166. Zarah

    hi from Montana!

    Reply
  167. Mary

    Love science live!!

    Reply
  168. Matthew

    I enjoyed learning about Henry Ford and how he made an affordable car for people.

    Reply
  169. Alex

    thanks for the science live

    Reply
  170. William

    Scince live is my favorte part of the week.

    Reply
  171. Kaitlyn

    My Dad is a Ford fanatic so learning more about Henry Ford was interesting.

    Reply
  172. Auggy

    What a cool story about Edison and Ford.

    Reply
  173. Samuel

    I loved this video

    Reply
  174. Scarlett

    Who is Henry ford?

    Reply
  175. Carter

    I really enjoyed this science live!

    Reply

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