The Invention That Made the Internet Possible

In 1978, Dr. Roger Billings invented Universal Networking — the foundational technology behind how the modern internet shares information.

In this episode of ScienceLive, he tells the complete story for the first time, in his own words. It starts with a problem. J. Willard Marriott, founder of the Marriott Hotels empire, had 12 of IBM’s largest mainframe computers — the biggest the company made — and they still couldn’t keep up with reservation demand. IBM told him a 13th machine would crash the entire system. He needed a solution that didn’t exist yet. Dr. Billings invented one.

His concept was elegantly simple: instead of every computer trying to talk to every other computer simultaneously, create a dedicated “library” computer — what we now call a server — that any number of users could query independently. The result was a system that could scale to an unlimited number of users without overloading. He called it Universal Networking, patented it as U.S. Patent No. 4,714,989, and proved it worked by installing it at real businesses around the world using the Billings Microcomputer — one of the earliest personal computers ever built.

Today, every website, every app, and every internet transaction runs on this same client-server principle.

This is the story of one of the most important and least-known inventions of the 20th century — told by the man who invented it.

About DrB

Dr. Roger Billings is a visionary innovator whose work has touched the lives of millions of students and transformed the landscape of education. Widely known as “DrB” to the countless kids who benefit from his groundbreaking Acellus learning system, Dr. Billings has dedicated his life to advancing education through technology. As part of DrB’s lifelong commitment to supporting education, Science LIVE was launched as a way to “give back” by mentoring students in conjunction with the Roger Billings Scholarship Program.


Read more about DrB » 
About the Roger Billings Scholarship Program »

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4,046 Comments

  1. Bayanne

    You guys are so amazing I love it!

    Reply
  2. Gabriel

    It was very entertaining video Dr. Billings.

    Reply
  3. Trinity

    I’m learning every single day when I’m watching this video!!

    Reply
  4. Kasper

    I love science live.

    Reply
  5. Leon

    I like the watch it was interesting and cool.

    Reply
  6. Emma

    Learning about the internet is so fun!

    Reply
  7. Silas

    i liked THIS video

    Reply
  8. Carter

    Thank you for science live I loved the air robot!

    Reply
  9. Cheyenne

    There is so much to learn with the Roger Billings lives!

    Reply
  10. Gabriel

    Good luck to everyone entering the science fair.

    Reply
  11. Ava

    Its amazing to learn about the new things that are being invented.

    Reply
  12. Julius

    I hope I can make great inventions too!

    Reply
  13. Matthew

    From ohio…… Thumbs up if u think R-51 is funny👍👍👍👍👍👍👍

    Reply
  14. Noah

    lets go science live is the best

    Reply
  15. Gemma

    I love Science Lives!

    Reply
  16. Kele-de

    I love watching these lives!!

    Reply
  17. Tinsley

    Such a good video to watch after spring break!

    Reply
  18. Hayes

    thanks for teaching us such cool things!

    Reply
  19. Joseph

    Thank you for caring so so much about our school!

    Reply
  20. Jaymerius

    can you use air to make a robot move?

    Reply
  21. Liam

    I liked the segment with Dr. Tobias

    Reply
  22. Isabella

    Dear Dr. Billings,
    I would like to thank you from the bottom of my heart for the opportunity you have given my children to receive such a high-quality and enriching education.
    As a homeschooling parent of five children, I am deeply grateful for the scholarship you so generously provided. It has truly been a blessing to our family. We have been watching Science LIVE each week and have found it incredibly interesting, engaging, and valuable. My children and I have learned so much, and it has been a joy to share what we’ve discovered with friends.
    I am truly sorry to hear that some have responded with rudeness or ingratitude. Please know that your generosity has made a meaningful impact on many families, including ours, and it is deeply appreciated.
    With sincere gratitude,
    Thank you from the Hefer family in South Africa

    Reply
  23. Jeremy

    i enjoyed this video

    Reply
  24. Amaris

    I liked learning about the internet

    Reply
  25. Shay

    Thank you Dr. Billings!!! You are such an amazing person…Thank you for offering us scholarships! We appreciate you!

    Reply
  26. Chad

    Wow the scholarship program is super cool. Thanks for all that you do Dr. Billings.

    Reply
  27. Phan

    So interesting!!!

    Reply
  28. Ethan

    Wow so cool learning about the internet!

    Reply
  29. Eliysha

    Love learning about the internet!

    Reply
  30. Hudson

    I LOVE ACELLUS

    Reply
  31. Cornea

    Absolutely amazing 👏

    Reply
  32. Luke

    Acellus is so fun and teaches me a lot!

    Reply
  33. Kaylin

    The tuning fork watch is amazing.

    Reply
  34. Leonardo

    Thank you for scholarship!

    Reply
  35. Baylee

    Loved this week’s Science Live! Love listening to it like a podcast too.

    Reply
  36. Victoria

    Watched! Hello from TX

    Reply
  37. Quinlan

    Learning about the robot powered without electronic was really interesting!

    Reply
  38. Ava

    wow this one was so interesting! i had no idea about this stuff behind the internet!

    Reply
  39. Mikael

    Thanks Dr billings.

    Reply
  40. Allie

    This live was amazing I loved it.

    Reply
  41. Eliana

    this is the best one yet!

    Reply
  42. Miaisabella

    Love these lives!!!

    Reply
  43. Mikael

    Hello from Texas, Thanks.

    Reply
  44. Luke

    The air powered robot was cool!!

    Reply
  45. Liam

    micro chip haha i’m going to use that as a joke

    Reply
  46. Harper

    Great video Dr. Billings!

    Reply
  47. Bryce

    who came up with the idea of the internet and wifi?

    Reply
  48. Kendalll

    this one is better then all of them

    Reply
  49. Avery

    I will tell my mom that starting with even just 5 minutes of exercise a day can really make a difference, a lot of time isn’t needed to improve your life

    Reply
  50. Makenzie

    So much information!!!!

    Reply
  51. Clara

    when did you start wanting to invent? Also I really enjoyed the garlic part.

    Reply
  52. Jesse

    I loved this week of acellus and I cant wait for the next!

    Reply
  53. William

    Go Roger

    Reply
  54. Micah

    I love that the stream is on YouTube now, because I can continue watching Science Live after I graduate!

    Reply
  55. Nadia

    Hey from south Africa!!!!!

    Reply
  56. Theodore

    Can the robot go in the sea and not run out of air?

    Reply
  57. Ryker

    Science lives are awesome.

    Reply
  58. Kadin

    I love you Mr billings

    Reply
  59. Roen

    I liked the beginning, the robot with air, and I really like the intro song. I liked when people clapped for Dr. Billings.

    Reply
  60. Victoria

    This was fun to watch.

    Reply
  61. Joa

    Hello, I loved that the people who tried to copy Mr. Billings learned a brand new lesson to never ever copy ideas, I also very liked how creative and funny R 51 inventions are! Thanks to everyone who helped and created this amazing science live it helps me so much to learn all of these incredible new things!

    Reply
  62. Kaden

    Thank you so much for this opprotunity for this scholarship. I love this schooling and it really teaches me a lot. The teachers are great too. Thank you!!

    Reply
  63. Baylor

    I liked the walking robot that was walking with air.

    Reply
  64. Bethany

    I love internet and technology!

    Reply
  65. Avery

    this was cool

    Reply
  66. Lance

    The server is like a data center. CPU memory shares information between the computers.

    Reply
  67. Maxwell

    It was very interesting that the robot was able to go underwater.

    Reply
  68. John

    The 3-d printed pneumatic robot was awesome! I love to 3-d print.

    Reply
  69. Grayson

    I love learning

    Reply
  70. Lucas

    wow the internet is soo interesting

    Reply
  71. Olivia

    This science live was very interesting learning about internet!

    Reply
  72. Benjamin

    That’s amazing that the robot is ready to go straight out of the printer.

    Reply
  73. Jase

    Hello from Missouri!!

    Reply
  74. Naomi

    THanks so much for your time in making these !

    Reply
  75. Aliana

    Awesome, Dr. Billings!

    Reply
  76. Harley

    wow, science live teaches me so many amazing things

    Reply
  77. Ashtyn

    I am so thankful for this program. I wouldn’t be able to homeschool without this option, and it is amazing each week to learn something above and beyond. It is amazing to learn the most basic things, such as garlic, are so intertwined with amazing science!!! See you next week!

    Reply
  78. Tamayea

    Very awesome to learn about!!

    Reply
  79. Madelyn

    Thank you for the scholarship program!

    Reply
  80. Hendrik

    So crazy how the internet started!!

    Reply
  81. Walker

    Thank you so much for the scholarship. Without it, our family would not be able to do the online school.

    Reply
  82. Joelle

    Hi Acellus!

    Reply
  83. Arianna

    Thank you for another great episode of Science live!!

    Reply
  84. Assal

    I think this video was very cool and fun and I just can’t wait for you guys to drop more video’s.

    Reply
  85. Jace

    How will the internet be different in 10 years.

    Reply
  86. Shima

    at this point Acellus can make anything I love this school so much

    Reply
  87. Isabella

    These live streams are always so fascinating. I can’t wait to learn more

    Reply
  88. Waylon

    The electronic ice cream was funny!

    Reply
  89. Natalie

    The pneumatic robot was so cool! I want one!

    Reply
  90. Asher

    Science Live is a wonderful opportunity to learn more about the science world.

    Reply
  91. Aaliyah

    science live is so fun!

    Reply
  92. Isabelle

    It’s very cool how you helped build the internet, I can’t wait for the science fair

    Reply
  93. Ian

    That is really cool hall thee de printing, can be made.

    Reply
  94. Zoe

    We now watch science live together as a family😊

    Reply
  95. Haven

    What’s a data center?

    Reply
  96. Martin

    It’s so fascinating how dr Billings was able to change how computers work

    Reply
  97. Miles

    Hooray for science live!

    Reply
  98. Sasha

    Timekeeping is an amazing concept. Thanks for sharing

    Reply
  99. Gabriella

    I Love doing these science Videos and I love how I get to learn new things from these lives!

    Reply
  100. Alivia

    Thank you for the scholarship program

    Reply
  101. Tyler

    I enjoyed hearing about Dr. Billings and the Internet technology!

    Reply
  102. Jimmie

    Thank you so much Dr. Billings!

    Reply
  103. Olivia

    Thank you for making Science Live.

    Reply
  104. Brynley

    The internet is amazing!

    Reply
  105. Trevor

    Good morning, we are watching as a family.

    Reply
  106. Adrian

    Loved the video, thabk you Rodger billings for all your hard work in giving us a better education and making it affordable. Especially with how the economy is turning out today. Truly greatful

    Reply
  107. Trevor

    what is the max number of terminals that you can use at once

    Reply
  108. Levi

    Thank you. Great way to learn.

    Reply
  109. Joseph

    These lives are always so interesting!

    Reply
  110. Corinka

    The internet can be so interesting to learn about

    Reply
  111. Myla

    The internet is so cool! I always learn so much during these science lives!

    Reply
  112. Dakota

    How is a tuning fork made?

    Reply
  113. Annika

    You did it again Dr Billings!

    Reply
  114. Ryker

    Science lives are the best.

    Reply
  115. Martin

    The internet is an amazing tool

    Reply
  116. Chance

    Is their a way to invent a 3d printer that uses different materials to print things like a metal or glass of some sort?

    Reply
  117. Ellis

    another great episode. Thanks!

    Reply
  118. Aliya

    I never knew that there are robots that do not use electricity.

    Reply
  119. Brayden

    I loved learning about your ghost!

    Reply
  120. Damien

    didn’t radio waves make internet possible?

    Reply
  121. Teygan

    This is my first time seeing this video and I like it so far!!!
    Can’t wait to see the next episode…!!

    Reply
  122. Hudson

    Always learning new things and such an interesting episode!

    Reply
  123. Jazara

    It’s very cool to see a robot built with air pressure and no electronics. Very cool 3D printing work.

    Reply
  124. Shaun

    I love science live

    Reply
  125. Arina

    Thanks Dr, Billings!

    Reply
  126. Ondine

    I loved learning about old clocks and watches and the technology spotlight.

    Reply
  127. Lilah

    Thank you, Dr Billings!! Thats incredible!

    Reply
  128. Trevor

    why would someone want a watch that vibrates

    Reply
  129. Shiloh

    What’s a 3D printer?

    Reply
  130. Ella

    This was a very interesting episode. I loved to hear Dr Billings story. How did you not get very frustrated about your loss?

    Reply
  131. Lealand

    hi tennessee

    Reply
  132. Chesney

    Wow!! This is so cool.

    Reply
  133. Mila

    From where does the robot get its power from then? How does this work with the air?

    Reply
  134. Eda

    This episode was super cool!

    Reply
  135. Mia

    I love this one!!

    Reply
  136. Kastyn

    I like to watch science live in the morning

    Reply
  137. Dylan

    r51 is the best!

    Reply
  138. Caleb

    thank you for the scholarship program that was set up

    Reply
  139. Jessica

    How long did it take for them to make internet, and how did they have the idea to make the internet?

    Reply
  140. Riley

    I love to watch science live

    Reply
  141. Martin

    The internet is so amazing

    Reply
  142. Kendall

    My name is Kendall and I always love watching science live!

    Reply
  143. Kyan

    This is real science escpicially when it comes to carbon dioxide.

    Reply
  144. Blazen

    WOW!! I had no idea that Mr. Billings was behind the building of the internet. This is so COOL!!

    Reply
  145. Alivia

    Thank you for this video!!

    Reply
  146. Liberty

    Hi from Kansas!!

    Reply
  147. Kennedy

    Science live is so fun!

    Reply
  148. Reese

    I never knew Dr billings invented that! Thank you

    Reply
  149. Jayden

    That was awesome.

    Reply
  150. Angelina

    Amazing! Thank you!

    Reply
  151. Dakota

    Do we get credit for attending the YouTube video?

    Reply
  152. Elliana

    Thank you

    Reply
  153. Ava

    I absolutely LOVE these lives! they are so fun to watch and helps me learn a whole lot of new things !!

    Reply
  154. Noah

    very cool and tuff

    Reply
  155. Johary

    I love the information I get with the science live videos.

    Reply
  156. Tristan

    How long did it take to make the watch

    Reply
  157. Ezra

    Its so cool that all those things could power a robot!

    Reply
  158. Martin

    That invention is so amazing internet is used in so many places

    Reply
  159. Lilyana

    learning about the internet is so fun there is many many cool things it can do!!!

    Reply
  160. Aliana

    Very nice, Dr. Billings!

    Reply
  161. Nathan

    Another great video

    Reply
  162. Antonin

    Interesting that this caused the device that we use everyday.

    Reply
  163. Angeline

    The garlic sounds amazing!

    Reply
  164. Saranah

    I thought it was interesting learning about the first models of computers, the technology behind them, and comparing them to the options we have today. The size difference and speed is unbelievable!

    Reply
  165. Nguyen

    Your live always so interesting!!!

    Reply
  166. Kash

    i love the jokes at the start

    Reply
  167. Halia

    thank you for being thoughtful!

    Reply
  168. Logan

    I had no idea Dr. Billings was behind a lot the the technology we use today. He is brilliant! I also thought the information on 3D printing was cool.

    Reply
  169. Noah

    you did it again Dr billings!

    Reply
    • Grace

      Love you Dr. Billings you are so cool love your work

      Reply
    • Vannessa

      i love science lives

      Reply
    • Maxwell

      Awesome!!

      Reply
    • Soraya

      My dad has flown a Falcon 50

      Reply
    • Howard

      Yes he did!

      Reply
    • Harley

      I loved this live! Internet is so cool to me.

      Reply
  170. Clayton

    Thank you for the school my mom said I would’nt be able to homeschool without it. And I had no idea that Dr. Billings invented the technology behind the internet, I also never knew that garlic was so cool.

    Reply
    • Grace

      lol same

      Reply
    • Alivia

      Thank you

      Reply
    • Lacey

      The internet is so cool! I love learning about it!

      Reply
    • Madilyne

      Thank you for a scholarship at Acellus😀😀😀😁

      Reply
    • Briella

      Thank you Dr.Billings for all you do

      Reply
    • Alythia

      thank you for alowing me to be apart of this homeschool

      Reply
    • Avery

      great work

      Reply
  171. Emilia

    These lives are always so interesting!!

    Reply
    • Sakinah

      This episode was really intriguing!

      Reply
    • Isabella

      Dr. Billings that is so cool that you were a part of the invention of technology behind the internet.

      Reply
    • Shiloah

      Have a good day!!!

      Reply
    • Lesley

      Dr. Billings is so smart!

      Reply
    • Trevor

      How it would be living without internet

      Reply
  172. Lucille

    Thank you for the scholarship program!

    Reply
    • Elsie

      Fascinating to learn about the start of the internet!!

      Reply
  173. Nora

    what other Non-electric sources of power can we use to power a robot?

    Reply
  174. Lillian

    Thank you for being so generous. We appreciate the scholarship program!

    Reply
    • Marquise

      this scholarship program is amazing i will continue to work hand & be serious!

      Reply
  175. Faith

    I love learning about the internet!

    Reply
    • Serinity

      This was so cool thanks for the story

      Reply
    • Trason

      same

      Reply

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